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The circuitry in a computer that controls the manipulation of data is called the CPU.
  计算机中控制数据操作的电路称为中央处理器。

A CPU consists of three parts: the arithmetic/logic unit,the control unit, and the register unit.
  中央处理器由三部分组成：算术/逻辑单元、控制单元和寄存器单元。

The idea of storing a computer’s program in its main memory is called the stored-program concept.
  将计算机程序存储在主存中的想法称为存储程序概念。

The real goal is to improve the machine’s throughput, which refers to the total amount of work the machine can accomplish in a given amount of time.
  真正的目标是提高机器的吞吐量，这是指机器在给定时间内可以完成的总工作量。

pipelining can be viewed as a first step toward parallel processing, which is the performance of several activities at the same time.
  管道可以看作是并行处理的第一步，并行处理是同时执行多个活动。